Zinc-containing pigment and paint.



En einen ETEN@ Q OSCAR WARREN PICEERING, OF SAPRINGFID, MASSACHUSETTS,ASSIGNOR TO PICK- ERING- PANT AND PGMENT OMPANY, A; CGRPORATIO 'F WESTVIEQ'INI.

ziiic-coitraiiiine Pienaar ann Paiiir.

naonoea.,

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Osons NAR-REN Piciiynature when exposed to ingredients of or associated with the atmosphere,more permanency or stability when exposed to light, greater opacity ofbody, less specific gravity, whereby the settling out from the -paintvehicle is prevented, which. will be more readily miscible with oilsorother vehicles than such substances as are commonly employed, andwhich will produce greater and better results as to spreading power anddurability than pigments or paints of specifically related characteremployed hitherto, and it comprises a compound or composition of metal,such as zinc, with aluminium and oxygen in the form of metal or zincaluminate, or its equivalent, or the same associated with a vehicle,such as an oil or drying oil, and more particularly of the linseed oiltype, and in so'ine cases with a diluent of. drying nature, such astuipentine in the form of -paint or similar commodity.

One of the difliculties experienced inthe employment of pigments in theprior art, in or as a paint associated with such vehicles as linseed oilor tuipentine, is that the specific gravity of the compound orcomposition of the pigment-is such that it soon separates or settles outfrom the vehicle in a mixed paint, which requires'the ire-mixing of thepaint to obtain uniform consistency before it is used, or the re-mixingfrom time to time to prevent the settling in order to .keep or maintainthe paint in a utilizable condition. This is avoided in thepresentinvention by the union, combination, or association of the metalof the pigment base With aluminium and oxygen in the Vform' of analuminate, which renders 'the coinpound or composition of light,iiocculentv character rather than of dense, impervious l Specificationof Letters Patent.

Patented @cama freie.

Application filed June 2, 1916, Serial No. 101,358.

nature whereby its assimilation with and' The sodium sulfate by-productis Washed out of the zinc aluminate precipitate and the zinc" aluminateproduced thoroughly dried, whereby a. light, tiocculent white product ofsuperior mixing quality with loils, and producing a paint which readilyspreads and presenting-a body covering of great light diusive qualitresults, and

especially when associated with such oils as linseed, tung, and thelike, or the same associated with driers, such as turpeiitine.

- Instead of a pigment composed of zinc a aluminate per se, zincaluminate may be as!- sociated with aluminium hydroxid, whereby theutility of the zinc aluniinate may be enhanced and its spreading powerand permanency increased. This compound orv coniposition of zincaluminate and aluminium 4 hydroxid may be produced by acting on amixture of an excess of sodium alumiiiate associated with zinc sulfate,containingl an. equivalent ofsulfuricacid or other acid capable ofliberating aluminium hydixid from" sodium aluminate, whereby the twocom-- pounds, viz: zinc aluminate andalurniiiium hydroxid, aresimultaneously thrown down or precipitated from the aqueoussolution ofthe compounds referred to, in such an intimate state of division andadmixture as to f present the appearance of an actual chemical compound,which might be considered a basic zinc aiuminate or perhaps morecorrectly described or designated as a zinc acido-aluminio aluniinate. l

It will be noted that the compound comprising zinc aluminate is occnlentor bulky,

yielding a paint when associated with a vehcle, of increasedy volumeover Ypaints of the prior art per equal weight, making a product ofsuperior utility as to spreading power and light diffusive density orbody vwhich is cheaper as to cost and more economical in manufacture,producing a product which is los more permanent in character as toaction of light and resistance to atmospheric decoming zinc aluminate orits equivalent, either associated or combined with a like or unlikemetal hydroxid or hydrate, specifically aluminium hydroxid or hydrate,or such compound or composition associated with a paint vehicle, such asa drying oil (linseed),

or the same with a `drier (turpentine):

in manufacturing, shipping,lor dispensing of mixed'paints, the mineralconstituent, such as zinc aluminate as a pigment, is of greater utilityin that itslesser specific grayitythenfother pigments ordinarily,employed maintains it 1n amixed or suspended conditioiiinsthe paint"Vehicle, thus avoid- ;,ingxthesettling out of `-the pigment to a. igreatextent, and yielding a more uniformly `mixed paint and maintainedas such, which is of greater utility, durability, spreading power, andpractical utility than the pigments or paints of Vmixed` characteremployed hitherto. f

Any kind or character ofzinc'aluminate may be employed other than thenormal illuminate, which aluminate may be of simple, compound, complex,or composite nature, and 'may be associated with like or unlike metalhydroxid in chemical combination or physical association withoutdeparting from the s irit of the invention, and any other metal)hydroxid may be substituted for the aluminium hydroxid .in the zincaluminate; compound, or composition, suchl as hydroxid of lead, of zine,of magnesium, etc.

It isiobvious that the metal of the alumiv nate may exist at any valencyand the aluminate may comprise the normal, basic, acidic, or otherva'iety without departing from the spiit oi the invention.

, t should be noted that the Vpigment comprising zinc aluminate inaccordance with the present invention as an ingredient of ,paint isoffiiocculent character and nature and will readily take up andassimilate with oils and other vehicles, and being preferably aprecipitated product, is of such per- `vious and flocculent nature thatit remains suspended in, carried by, and permeated With the Vehicle in apermanent manner as distinguished from dense, vitreous products producedby fusion, which do not assimilate with oils or other vehicles, andeasily settle out therefrom.

The term or expression paint as employed herein is intended to imply anddoes vhicles with and for Leonesa imply a pigment or dr paintas such orassociated with a vehic e or. carrier of any suitable kind, preferablyof liquid character, capable of enabling the associated pibment or drypaint to be spread on a sur-` face in a coating by means of a brush orits equivalent; the term or expression Ve-4 hicle implies a pigment ordry paintfcarrier, preferably of fluid nature, which rmay consist'v ofor comprise any suitable character comprising one which may evaporateentirely, leaving the pigment or dry paint upon the surface or Withinthe pores of the article to which it is applied, such as Water, benzin,etc., or the same associated with a paint iixativefsuch as gum, resin,casein compounds, etc., or it may comprise an oil 'ofany suitablekind,'such as a petroleum product, vegetable oil. of drying or nondrying character, etc., so long as it acts to carry the pigment or drypaint and enhance the spreading thereoiE by action of a brush or itsequivalent, or the oil and pigment may be associated with a suitableative or drier; and the term drier implies a substance or constituent cithe oil or paint composition which is capabie of fixing the oil or paintby transforming it into a gelatinous or non-fluid condition by acting asan oxygen carrier to the oil, forming anonfluid oil oxygenated compound,such as linoxyn or an o'il setting or gelatinant, such as metal'soap oroleates or resinates, either directly employed or formed in' the paintby interaction of the ingredients, such as the resin acids formed byoxidation of turpentine and their action on a pigment or dry paint metalcompound constituent. For f example, tlie'drying or transforming offaiiud noir-drying petroleum product or vegetable oil'into a non-fluid or'fixed gelatinous,

condition, as a pigment or dry paint ve-l hicle or xative maybeaccomplished by associating thepgment or dry paint, such as zincaluminate and non-drying vegetable oil, such as cottonseedA oil, withturpentine which, when it is spread on a surface and exposed to oxygenof the air, results in the conversion of the turpentine `into resin'acidaldehydes,` which united-With the zinc and aluminium content formingresinates and resin and aliphatic or oleic acid esters, and

glycerin resinates, all of which products,

resinates, oleates, glycerinates and esters increase the viscosity,absorb, combine with, retain, or occlude the excess of oil and thepigment, transforming theWhole into a gelatinous or non-fluid andsubstantially dry' condition, just as Water is retained or'dried bygelatin or glue; in this marmer oils of ordinarily non-drying charactermay be employed as Well as drying oils as paint vepigments of the metalaluminate variety.

It will be noted that the pigment, such as bination or association witha metal hy such as turpentine, whereby and a drying 5. A paint,comprising zlnc aluminate,

zinc aluminate, may be modified by comdroxid or hydrate, such asaluminium hydroXid or hydrate, and the vehicle, such as an oil or adrying oil, may also be modified by combination or association with adrier, the utility of either or both the pigment or the vehicle may beaugmented, and the combined results rendered available *and the generalutility of the product enhanced, whereby functions are performed andresults obtained dii'ering from those inherent in either of the membersof the combination thereof, independently'or se arately.

aving nogy what I claim is:

1. A new pigment, comprising zinc aluminate. 2. A paint, and a vehicle;

described my invention, flocculent comprising zinc aluminate 3. A paint,comprising zinc aluminate and an oil.

4l. A paint, comprising zinc alumlnate,

oil. i

an oil, and a drier.

6. A paint, comprising Zinc 'aluminate,a drying oil, and a drier.

7 A paint, comprising zinc aluminate, an oil, and turpentine.

8. A paint, comprising zinc aluminate, a drying oil, and turpentine. l

9. A new pigment, comprising zincialu-L minate and a metal hydroxid.

10. Anew igment, com rising zinc aluminate and a uminium hy roXid.

11. A paint, comprising zinc aluminate, a metal hydroxid,'and a vehicle.Q

12. A paint, comprising zinc aluminate, aluminium hydroxid, and aVehicle.

13. A paint, comprisingzinc aluminate, a

metal hydroxid, and an oil.

14. A paint, comprising zinc aluminate, aluminium hydroxid, and an oil.

l5. Avpaint, comprising zinc aluminate, a metal hydrxid, and a dryingoil.

16. A paint, comprising zinc aluminate, aluminium hydroxid, and a dryinoil.

17. A paint, comprising zinc a uminate, a metal hydroxid, an oil, and adrier.

18. A-paint, comprising zinc aluminate, 'l

aluminium hydroxid, an'oil, and a drier.

19. A paint, comprising zinc aluminate, a. metal hydroXid, a drying oil,and a drier. 20. A paint, comprising Zinc aluminate, aluminium hydroXid,a drying oil, and a drier. y

21. A paint, comprising zincaluminate, a metal hydroxid, an oil, andturpentine. 22. A paint, comprisingzinc aluminate, aluminium hydroxid,an oil, and turpent-ine.

' 23. A paint, comprising zinc aluminate, a metal hydroxid, a dryingoil, and turpentine.

24.. A paint, comprising zinc aluminate,

.aluminium hydroxid, a drying oil, and turpentine. 25. VA paint,comprising zinc aluminate, a metal hydroxid, linseed oil, andturpentine.

l26. A paint, comprising zinc aluininate, aluminium hydroxid, linseed4oil, and turpentine.

ture inthe presence of two witnesses.

"- OSCAR wiliinirv ricingnnris.` [n s] Witnesses:

YWALTER D. KEMP, F. L. WHISTNER.

75 In testimony whereof, I aiiix my signa-

